AV משנכנס אב ממעטין בשמחה

Transcription

1 ixjhu ec /ag"d 31'.GUA-YLUJ ewh-v ewhv ft fz f fe אב AV משנכנס אב ממעטין בשמחה We Cease To Rejoice The Advent of Av hj hr kj kr n ne fc fd nz shbxred nebred ztbred ac/ sebgwa. iwhhred shbxred nhrttel ztbred nebred ac/ sebgwa. iwhhred shbxred nhrttel ztbred nebred ac/ sebgwa. iwhhred shbxred nhrttel ztbred nebred iwhhred ac/ nhrttel sebgwa. fs fv fj fr k nebred shbxred r h he hc hd kd ks ke kc kv kt fj fr k fz hs rt z j s v t e cd gwc w"j htf"q e' sw"j ektk i' wev ncv"j virwv gbh' xtgwv, iwq t' i' gqc virwv t/enw mhty, iwq v' jnav gaw cec i' te/jby, ac/ bjnt virwv bjnt bjnt gnh, iwq s' gwc /agv cec /agv cec i' scwhu, ac/ jzty virwv jzty hagh', iwq d' w"j ec /qti/ /ntz: htu e' cagv 03:1 ckhkv kz sp vhtnh Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat. hj hr f rz hz ns nc nd Sun. Mon. Tue. Wed. Thu. Fri. Sat. AUGUST fd fs fv ft fe fc nv nt Sun. Mon. Tue. ntks ec: nebred iewnhred 81 nhbtr bel 9 149

2 ראש חודש ROSH CHODESH MONDAY, JULY 8, 1 AV יעלה ויבא Chodesh: Services for Rosh ; Half-Hallel; Kaddish Tiskabel; Torah Reading; Mussaf; etc. (From Rosh Chodesh Av until after Tisha B'Av we refrain from washing ourselves with warm or hot water. Only those who are feeble, extremely sensitive, or who must do so for medical reasons may wash with warm or hot water. We do not launder clothing until after Tisha B'Av. We do not wear clothing that was laundered before Rosh Chodesh, except on Shabbos. We do not drink wine or eat meat of any kind, with the exception of the feeble, sickly, or ill, who may eat poultry. We may eat meat and drink wine on Shabbos or while attending a Seudas Mitzvah, such as a Bris or the completion of a Tractate of Talmud.) שבת פרשת דברים SHABBOS PARSHAS DEVORIM שבת חזון (CHAZON) FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 12, SATURDAY, JULY 13, 6 AV לכה דודי (Some have the custom to sing 150

3 in the melody of ציון" (."אלי The Haftorah is read (to the special melody of Eichah) ;אב הרחמים and א-ל מלא.1:1-27 from Isaiah.צדקתך צדק usual Mussaf; At Mincha Chapter 3 of Pirkei Avos. At the Departure of Shabbos we make the usual Havdalah using wine. (If there is a child who understands the nature of a Bracha, we give him the wine to drink. If there is no child, the one who makes Havdalah may drink the wine himself.) ערב תשעה באב EREV TISHA B'AV MONDAY, JULY 15, 8 AV No Tachanun at Mincha. At the סעודה המפסקת the concluding meal before the fast, aside from the bread, we may not eat two different types of cooked foods. Three people should not eat together in order to avoid making a Zimun (quorum of three for the Blessing after Meals). We sit upon the floor and eat the customary egg dipped into ashes to symbolize our state of mourning. One may not eat another cooked food with the egg, as the egg itself constitutes a cooked food. We stop eating and drinking, as well as all the other categories of activities forbidden on Tisha B Av, before sunset. 151

4 תשעה באב TISHA B'AV MONDAY NIGHT, JULY 15, 9 AV This is a Public Fast Day. On Tisha B'Av we are prohibited to eat and drink, to wash ourselves (even in cold water), to apply oils to ourselves for pleasurable purposes, to have marital relations, and to wear leather shoes. "Anyone who eats or drinks on Tisha B'Av will not participate in the rejoicing over the rebuilt Jerusalem. And all who mourn for Jerusalem will earn the right to take part in the rejoicing over the rebuilt Jerusalem. And concerning a person who eats meat or drinks wine at the last meal before the Fast [with the exception of Shabbos]. Scripture states (Ezekiel 32:27): and their iniquities shall come upon their bones. [Orach Chaim Siman 554:25] The Mishne Brurah, writing on the first phrase, Anyone who eats or drinks on Tisha B Av..., comments: Even women who are pregnant or nursing, or people of weak constitution, for whom fasting is very difficult, must fast on Tisha B'Av (this does not apply to someone who is truly ill), for the destruction of the Beis HaMikdash is worth suffering for, at least one day a year." / MAARIV מעריב (We remove the curtain from the Aron HaKodesh, we dim the lighting, and we 152

5 sit on the floor or on a low stool. We do not sit on regular chairs or benches until after midday [1:02 PM DST]). We recite Maariv in a low and subdued voice; Shemonah Esrei; Kaddish Tiskabel. We have a public recitation of Eichah the Book of Lamentations, followed by several ואתה B'Av; Kinos for the night of Tisha ;עלינו ;תתקבל Kaddish Tiskabel without ;קדוש Mourner's Kaddish. TUESDAY MORNING, JULY 16 / SHACHRIS שחרית We wash our fingers only until above the knuckles (as one is drying his fingers, while there is still some moisture on them, he may rub them across his eyes to remove the sediment there); we make the Bracha נטילת ידים,על as well as all of the other appropriate morning Brachos. We rise early to Shul. We do not wear our Tallis or Tefillin until midday. We do wear our Tallis Koton, but without making a Bracha over it. If the Tallis Koton was removed by night then some hold a bracha should be made when putting on in the morning. (Mishna Brurah 555:2). We say the usual morning Brachos, as well as the rest of the morning order (we omit הקטורת.(פטום We recite the usual morning service, Shemonah Esrei; Chazzan's Repetition; the Chazzan recites (the Chazzan ;רפאנו and גואל between עננו ;(שים שלום before ברכת כהנים does not say Half-Kaddish (we say neither Tachanun 153

6 nor אבינו מלכנו on Tisha B'Av); we take out a Sefer Torah and have three Aliyahs כי" 4:25-40) (Deut. in Parshas Vaeschanan Half-Kaddish; the third Aliyah ;"תוליד בנים is Maftir. The Haftorah is read in the melody of Eichah from Jeremiah 8:13- At the conclusion of the."אסוף אסיפם" 9:23: Haftorah, the Brachos after the Haftorah are read until דוד" ;"מגן we return the Sefer Torah to the Aron HaKodesh; we say the lengthy collection of Kinos until their completion (preferably around noon); (skipping ובא לציון (למנצח (we omit ;אשרי the verse זאת בריתי" "ואני etc.); Kaddish Tiskabel without ;תתקבל ;עלינו Mourner's Kaddish; we do not say the Psalm for the Day during Shachris on Tisha B'Av. (It is recommended that people read Eichah individually to themselves). After midday it is permitted to sit on chairs or benches. / MINCHA מנחה We don Tallis and Tefillin, making the appropriate Brachos. The Psalm of the Day is recited, followed by a Mourner's Kaddish. As is customary for Mincha of all Public Fasts, we say,אשרי followed by a Half-Kaddish; we take a Sefer Torah out of the Aron HaKodesh and we have three Aliyahs in "ויחל" as in the Mincha service of any Public Fast; no Half-Kaddish after the Torah is read; the third Aliyah is the Maftir. The Haftorah :"דרשו" Isaiah 55:6 154

7 56:8 (until עליו לנקבציו" ("אקבץ is the usual one for the afternoons of Public Fasts; ;"מגן דוד" Brachos after the Haftorah until we return the Sefer Torah to the Aron ;יהללו HaKodesh; Half-Kaddish; Shemonah Esrei including "נחם" in בונה ירושלים" and "עננו" in in "נחם" If one forgot to say."שומע תפלה" ותחזינה" he may say it before "בונה ירושלים" ברוך" omitting the ending blessing "עינינו..."ותחזינה" concluding only with,"מנחם ציון [Mishneh Brurah]. See Tzom Gedaliah for the laws pertaining to an individual or Chazzan who omits."עננו" Chazzan "נחם" רפאנו, and גואל between עננו repeats in ירושלים" "בונה and says ברכת כהנים before אבינו מלכנו (we do not recite ;שים שלום ;עלינו Tiskabel; and Tachanun); Kaddish Mourner's Kaddish. [Rav Henkin noted: Our Sages have emphasized that the essence of a Fast Day is the process of Teshuva Repentance. This is particularly so for those sins that were responsible for the destruction of the Beis HaMikdash, and yet, which we remain guilty of today. Here is a partial listing of those transgressions: Jerusalem was destroyed because: 1) the Jews profaned Shabbos. 2) they did not provide for the Torah education of their small children. 3) they did not recite the Shema morning and night. 4) they showed contempt for Torah scholars. 155

8 5) they had unwarranted hatred for each other. 6) they hardened their hearts to any fear of Divine retribution (see Gittin 55b). Throughout the history of the Diaspora we have always taken the matter of repentance on fast days very seriously. Even the 'sinners and scoffers' of past generations were observant in this area. In recent history, however, there has been a tragic breakdown in religious sensitivity, may G-d protect us.] It is a great Mitzvah to study on a daily basis the Sefer Chofetz Chaim which discusses the laws of Lashon Harah and Rechilus (talebearing). The major reason for the destruction of the Holy Temples was senseless hatred and Lashon Harah. By studying these laws, a person becomes sensitized to refraining from these very serious sins. Conversely, if one does not study these laws on a regular basis, he will not be as careful in avoiding these transgressions, nor will he understand the intricate details involved in guarding one's speech. One זצ"ל should read the Chofetz Chaim's descriptions of the great rewards that await those who are careful to avoid these sins. The Vilna Gaon זצ"ל quotes a Medrash that states: "For every moment that a person refrains from forbidden speech, he earns a celestial light hidden 156

9 away for the righteous, whose value cannot be comprehended by neither angel nor man." TUESDAY NIGHT, JULY 16, 10 AV / MAARIV מעריב We recite the usual weekday Maariv. After services we sanctify the New Moon of Av. (Meat may not be eaten and wine may not be drunk until midday of Wednesday. About showers, washing clothes etc. until midday see Mishna Brurah 558:3) שבת פרשת ואתחנן SHABBOS PARSHAS VAESCHANAN שבת נחמו (NACHAMU) JULY 20, 13 AV The Haftorah is read from Isaiah 40:1-26 (this is the first of seven Haftoros, [the שבע דנחמתא the Seven Haftoros of Consolation] that precede Rosh.צדקתך צדק HaShanah). At Mincha we say Chapter 4 of Pirkei Avos. This is the Yahrzeit of the Gaon and Tzaddik Rav Yosef Eliyahu ben Reb Eliezer Kolonymus Henkin,זצ"ל who served with selfless dedication as Director of Ezras 157

10 Torah from ( ). The final time for the sanctification of the New Moon of Av is the night following Monday July 22 untill 3:40 A.M (16 Av). חמשה עשר באב 15TH OF AV MONDAY, JULY 22, 15th OF AV We conduct ourselves in a somewhat festive manner; we do not say Tachanun and the series of רצון" "...יהי after Torah Reading; (we also omit Tachanun of the א-ל preceding Mincha on Sunday); we say. למנצח and ארך אפים שבת פרשת עקב SHABBOS PARSHAS EIKEV JULY 27, 20 AV The Haftorah is read from Isaiah צדקתך At Mincha.(ותאמר ציון) 49:14-51:3 Avos. Chapter 5 of Pirkei.צדק שבת פרשת ראה SHABBOS PARSHAS R'EI AUG. 3, 27 AV The Haftorah is עניה סוערה (Isaiah 54:11-55:5). We bless the month of Elul. We do not say א-ל מלא or הרחמים ;אב At Mincha we say צדק.צדקתך Chapter 6 of Pirkei Avos. 158

11 ערב ראש חודש EREV ROSH CHODESH MONDAY, AUG. 5, 29 AV (Many observe Yom Kippur Koton.) No Tachanun at Mincha. 159